Human eye has peculiar complex anatomical characteristics which makes it difficult to deliver the therapeutic agent directly to the targeted site in the ocular surface. Various ocular barriers such as blood-retinal barrier, blood-aqueous barrier hinders the delivery of the drug to desired site. Various conventional ocular dosage forms such as drops, ointments, suspensions offer patient compliance due to ease of administration but are unable to produce adequate therapeutic effect due to the washout of the drug from the ocular surface.

Researchers have been working hard over decades to develop such novel system/ formulations that can overcome the limitations seen with conventional dosage forms. In-situ gelling systems/ gel forming solution solve the drawbacks of traditional dosage forms like eye drops and suspensions simply because they show sol-gel transformation by change in pH, temperature, or ionic strength. Because they can form gel following ocular instillation, they extend the corneal residence period and restrict the drainage of the formulation. A growing class of broad-spectrum antibacterials known as fluoroquinolones combats a variety of gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria that cause infections in the eyes. Since these antibacterials have been demonstrated to be equally effective as combination therapying treating a variety of ocular infections, they have become increasingly well-liked in the area of ophthalmology.

In this review article, comprehensive information on ocular gel forming solution along with mechanism of sol to gel transition, clinical trials, various studies, and evaluation parameters have been discussed. Also, it discusses the role of fluoroquinolones in the treatment of ocular infections when formulated as gel forming solutions.